Per trop\u00adpo tem\u00adpo, l\u2019in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adca \u00e8 sta\u00adta con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adra\u00adta una mate\u00adria \u201ctec\u00adni\u00adca\u201d, un\u2019attivita\u0300 da \u201csma\u00adnet\u00adto\u00adni\u201d, da maghi del\u00adla tec\u00adno\u00adlo\u00adgia. Il suo inse\u00adgna\u00admen\u00adto nel\u00adle scuo\u00adle si \u00e8 appiat\u00adti\u00adto su cer\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adzio\u00adni vuo\u00adte e inu\u00adti\u00adli come l\u2019ECDL. Questo non \u00e8 solo un pro\u00adble\u00adma ita\u00adlia\u00adno; in mol\u00adti pro\u00adgram\u00admi sco\u00adla\u00adsti\u00adci euro\u00adpei l\u2019in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adca vie\u00adne eti\u00adchet\u00adta\u00adta come \u201ccom\u00adpu\u00adter fluency\u201d.<\/p>\n
Questo modo di vede\u00adre \u00e8 un gra\u00adve erro\u00adre: l\u2019informatica e\u0300 soprat\u00adtut\u00adto una scien\u00adza. Per chi uti\u00adliz\u00adza un com\u00adpu\u00adter, l\u2019informatica e\u0300 vista come uno stru\u00admen\u00adto per risol\u00adve\u00adre i pro\u00adpri pro\u00adble\u00admi (mate\u00adma\u00adti\u00adci, scien\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adci, finan\u00adzia\u00adri, etc.). Per gli infor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adci, essa e\u0300 inve\u00adce la scien\u00adza che stu\u00addia i meto\u00addi gene\u00adra\u00adle per risol\u00adve\u00adre pro\u00adble\u00admi (quan\u00adto\u00adme\u00adno, quel\u00adli che sono effet\u00adti\u00adva\u00admen\u00adte riso\u00adlu\u00adbi\u00adli). Come tale, si occu\u00adpa dei pro\u00adble\u00admi in tut\u00adti i loro aspet\u00adti: come ven\u00adgo\u00adno descrit\u00adti (model\u00adli), come ven\u00adgo\u00adno rap\u00adpre\u00adsen\u00adta\u00adti (dati), come ven\u00adgo\u00adno risol\u00adti (algo\u00adrit\u00admi). Ad esem\u00adpio, scom\u00adpor\u00adre un pro\u00adble\u00adma in sot\u00adto\u00adpro\u00adble\u00admi, fino a quan\u00addo que\u00adsti si pos\u00adso\u00adno risol\u00adve\u00adre in manie\u00adra ele\u00admen\u00adta\u00adre, e poi ricom\u00adpor\u00adre via via le solu\u00adzio\u00adni inter\u00adme\u00addie fino a rag\u00adgiun\u00adge\u00adre la solu\u00adzio\u00adne com\u00adple\u00adta, e\u0300 un tipi\u00adco prin\u00adci\u00adpio infor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adco, det\u00adto divi\u00adde-et-impe\u00adra. Nel cam\u00adpo del pro\u00adblem sol\u00adving, i meto\u00addi riso\u00adlu\u00adti\u00advi pro\u00adpri dell\u2019informatica han\u00adno ori\u00adgi\u00adne dal\u00adla mate\u00adma\u00adti\u00adca, ma la esten\u00addo\u00adno con moda\u00adli\u00adta\u0300 nuo\u00adve, pos\u00adsi\u00adbi\u00adli solo gra\u00adzie alla pre\u00adsen\u00adza di un ese\u00adcu\u00adto\u00adre auto\u00adma\u00adti\u00adco. Acquisire e pra\u00adti\u00adca\u00adre i meto\u00addi pro\u00adpri dell\u2019informatica si riflet\u00adte quin\u00addi sull\u2019approccio men\u00adta\u00adle usa\u00adto per risol\u00adve\u00adre i pro\u00adble\u00admi di tut\u00adti i giorni.<\/p>\n
Recentemente, il ven\u00adto ha ini\u00adzia\u00adto a cam\u00adbia\u00adre: un arti\u00adco\u00adlo di Jeannette Wing appar\u00adso nel 2006 ha por\u00adta\u00adto alla ribal\u00adta il con\u00adcet\u00adto di pen\u00adsie\u00adro com\u00adpu\u00adta\u00adzio\u00adna\u00adle, inte\u00adso come il pro\u00adces\u00adso men\u00adta\u00adle coin\u00advol\u00adto nel\u00adla for\u00admu\u00adla\u00adzio\u00adne di un pro\u00adble\u00adma e nell\u2019espressione del\u00adle sue solu\u00adzio\u00adni, in modo che un ese\u00adcu\u00adto\u00adre \u2013 uma\u00adno o arti\u00adfi\u00adcia\u00adle \u2013 pos\u00adsa risol\u00adve\u00adre il pro\u00adble\u00adma in manie\u00adra effet\u00adti\u00adva [Wing\u201906<\/a>, Wing\u201914<\/a>]. Il ter\u00admi\u00adne pen\u00adsie\u00adro com\u00adpu\u00adta\u00adzio\u00adna\u00adle non \u00e8 nuo\u00advo \u2014 \u00e8 appar\u00adso per la pri\u00adma vol\u00adta nel\u00adle ope\u00adre di Seymour Papert \u2014 ma non si pu\u00f2 nega\u00adre che l\u2019ar\u00adti\u00adco\u00adlo del\u00adla Wing e la sua suc\u00adces\u00adsi\u00adva ope\u00adra di divul\u00adga\u00adzio\u00adne abbia rap\u00adpre\u00adsen\u00adta\u00adto un pun\u00adto di svolta.<\/span><\/p>\n Il con\u00adcet\u00adto di com\u00adpu\u00adta\u00adtio\u00adnal thin\u00adking \u00e8 diven\u00adta\u00adto main\u00adstream, al pun\u00adto che il New York Times ha tito\u00adla\u00adto nel 2014 \u201cReading, Writing, Arithmetic, and late\u00adly, Coding<\/a>\u201d e sono nate impor\u00adtan\u00adti ini\u00adzia\u00adti\u00adve come code.org<\/a>, sup\u00adpor\u00adta\u00adte da testi\u00admo\u00adnial eccel\u00adlen\u00adti come Bill Gates, Mark Zuckenberg e addi\u00adrit\u00adtu\u00adra il pre\u00adsi\u00adden\u00adte Obama. Al di l\u00e0 del\u00adl\u2019im\u00adpat\u00adto media\u00adti\u00adco, gli obiet\u00adti\u00advi di code.org<\/a> sono ambi\u00adzio\u00adsi, e pun\u00adta\u00adno alla rifor\u00adma dei pro\u00adgram\u00admi sco\u00adla\u00adsti\u00adci per inclu\u00adde\u00adre con\u00adcet\u00adti di com\u00adpu\u00adta\u00adtio\u00adnal thin\u00adking e di pro\u00adgram\u00adma\u00adzio\u00adne. Riforma che \u00e8 gi\u00e0 avve\u00adnu\u00adta in UK<\/span>, con l\u2019in\u00adtro\u00addu\u00adzio\u00adne del Computing Programmes of Study<\/a> nel National Curriculum.<\/p>\n Dal pun\u00adto di vista di chi si occu\u00adpa di infor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adca all\u2019Universit\u00e0, la divul\u00adga\u00adzio\u00adne di que\u00adsto con\u00adcet\u00adto pu\u00f2 ave\u00adre rica\u00addu\u00adte enor\u00admi. E\u2019 final\u00admen\u00adte arri\u00adva\u00adta la pos\u00adsi\u00adbi\u00adli\u00adt\u00e0 di ele\u00adva\u00adre, nel\u00adle scuo\u00adle pri\u00adma\u00adrie e secon\u00adda\u00adrie, l\u2019in\u00adse\u00adgna\u00admen\u00adto del\u00adl\u2019in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adca allo stes\u00adso livel\u00adlo del\u00adle altre mate\u00adrie scien\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adche; non solo, diven\u00adta sem\u00adpre pi\u00f9 chia\u00adro che il pen\u00adsie\u00adro com\u00adpu\u00adta\u00adzio\u00adna\u00adle \u00e8 ele\u00admen\u00adto abi\u00adli\u00adtan\u00adte del\u00adle scien\u00adze moderne.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Per trop\u00adpo tem\u00adpo, l\u2019in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adca \u00e8 sta\u00adta con\u00adsi\u00adde\u00adra\u00adta una mate\u00adria \u201ctec\u00adni\u00adca\u201d, un\u2019attivita\u0300 da \u201csma\u00adnet\u00adto\u00adni\u201d, da maghi del\u00adla tec\u00adno\u00adlo\u00adgia. Il suo inse\u00adgna\u00admen\u00adto nel\u00adle scuo\u00adle si \u00e8 appiat\u00adti\u00adto su cer\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adzio\u00adni vuo\u00adte e inu\u00adti\u00adli come l\u2019ECDL<\/span>. Questo non \u00e8 solo un pro\u00adble\u00adma ita\u00adlia\u00adno; in mol\u00adti pro\u00adgram\u00admi sco\u00adla\u00adsti\u00adci euro\u00adpei l\u2019in\u00adfor\u00adma\u00adti\u00adca vie\u00adne eti\u00adchet\u00adta\u00adta come \u201ccom\u00adpu\u00adter fluen\u00adcy\u201d. Questo modo di vede\u00adre \u00e8 un [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":552,"menu_order":100,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-609","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/609","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=609"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1331,"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/609\/revisions\/1331"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/cricca.disi.unitn.it\/montresor\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}